Lutein belongs to the large family of carotenoids, powerful antioxidant nutrients. Scientific studies suggest that it could play a beneficial role not only in eye protection but also in heart health and the immune system. Lutein and beta-carotene are the main carotenoids provided by a balanced diet rich in fruits and vegetables. These two antioxidants are natural pigments. Their presence is recognized by their color: yellow in case of low concentration and orange-red in case of high concentration.
Lutein: natural sources
In green leafy vegetables, where its yellow color is concealed by chlorophyll, lutein represents more than 25% of total carotenoids. It is found in oranges, peaches, soybeans, bell peppers, mangoes, or papayas in esterified form. In nature, the richest source of lutein esters is Calendula (or Pot Marigold).
Lutein and eye protection
Epidemiological studies have established a correlation between significant consumption of Lutein and Zeaxanthin (6 mg per day) and eye health. Indeed, lutein and zeaxanthin are the main constituents of macular pigment. They are powerful antioxidants capable of neutralizing free radicals. The macular region is exposed to high-energy light radiation. The pigment filters light and protects nervous tissues and photoreceptors from oxidative damage. These studies have shown that in humans, a diet rich in lutein or supplementation with lutein esters increases macular pigment density.
Lutein is the only carotenoid present in the lens. A recent study indicates that lutein and zeaxanthin could play a protective role against cataracts (partial or total opacification of the lens), one of the leading causes of blindness. Researchers observed over 36,000 male doctors to establish a correlation between carotenoids, diet, and cataract risk. The results showed an 18% lower risk of cataracts in men consuming the most lutein and zeaxanthin.
Carotenoids and cataracts
Age-related macular degeneration affects over a million people in France. It is characterized by degenerative lesions in the macular region, causing a progressive decrease in visual acuity, abnormal sensitivity to light, and a sensation of fog or veil. Research on antioxidants had already highlighted the protective effect of vitamins E and C. Recent studies have emphasized the link between high lutein consumption and a reduced risk of cataracts.